National Internal Revenue Code
1904 to 2023.

Every enactment, amendment and Supreme Court reading on file for this law, in the order they happened.

5enactments6amendments4SC rulings

Amended by · 6

Statutes that changed this one.

  • Act No. 23391914Comprehensive revision through Act No. 2339The Philippine Legislature substantially revised the internal revenue law to expand tax coverage and increase rates. This act consolidated various revenue measures and introduced new administrative provisions for better enforcement.
  • EO No. 2731986Executive Order No. 273 introduces Value-Added Tax systemPresident Aquino issued EO 273 introducing a 10% value-added tax to replace the manufacturer's sales tax. This fundamental reform shifted the Philippines to a consumption-based tax system.
  • RA No. 93372005Republic Act No. 9337 reforms VAT and expands coveragePresident Arroyo signed the Expanded VAT Law increasing the VAT rate to 12% and broadening coverage to include previously exempt services. This controversial reform aimed to address persistent budget deficits.
  • RA No. 106532013Republic Act No. 10653 rationalizes motor vehicle users' chargeThis law restructured the motor vehicle user's charge under the NIRC, adjusting rates based on vehicle type and engine displacement. The reform aimed to rationalize automotive taxation and generate additional infrastructure revenues.
  • RA No. 115342021Republic Act No. 11534 extends implementation of CREATE Act tax reformsThe Corporate Recovery and Tax Incentives for Enterprises (CREATE) Act reduced corporate income tax rates to 25% for large corporations and 20% for MSMEs, while rationalizing fiscal incentives. This reform aimed to enhance competitiveness amid pandemic recovery.
  • RA No. 119762023Republic Act No. 11976 implements ease of paying taxes reformsThe Ease of Paying Taxes Act simplified tax compliance procedures, reduced documentary requirements, and mandated digital systems for filing and payment. This reform aimed to improve the Philippines' ease of doing business rankings.
  1. 1904 EnactmentAug 1904

    Act No. 1189

    Philippine Bill of 1904 establishes first internal revenue system

    The Philippine Commission enacted Act No. 1189, creating the first comprehensive internal revenue law in the Philippines. This foundational statute established the Bureau of Internal Revenue and imposed taxes on income, business, documents, and commodities.

  2. 1914 AmendmentMar 1914

    Act No. 2339

    Comprehensive revision through Act No. 2339

    The Philippine Legislature substantially revised the internal revenue law to expand tax coverage and increase rates. This act consolidated various revenue measures and introduced new administrative provisions for better enforcement.

  3. 1939 EnactmentJun 1939

    CA No. 466

    Commonwealth Act No. 466 enacts new National Internal Revenue Code

    The Commonwealth Congress enacted the first codified National Internal Revenue Code, systematically organizing all internal revenue laws into a single statute. This represented a complete recodification rather than mere amendment.

  4. 1977 EnactmentJun 1977

    PD No. 1158

    Presidential Decree No. 1158 enacts new Tax Code

    President Marcos issued Presidential Decree No. 1158, completely revising the National Internal Revenue Code to modernize tax laws and increase government revenues. This became the foundation of the modern Philippine tax system.

  5. 1986 AmendmentMay 1986

    EO No. 273

    Executive Order No. 273 introduces Value-Added Tax system

    President Aquino issued EO 273 introducing a 10% value-added tax to replace the manufacturer's sales tax. This fundamental reform shifted the Philippines to a consumption-based tax system.

  6. 1997 EnactmentDec 1997

    RA No. 8424

    Republic Act No. 8424 enacts comprehensive Tax Reform Act

    President Ramos signed into law the Tax Reform Act of 1997, completely revising the National Internal Revenue Code. This landmark legislation modernized tax administration, simplified procedures, and adjusted rates to contemporary economic conditions.

  7. 1999 SC rulingJan 1999

    G.R. No. 124043

    Commissioner of Internal Revenue v. Court of Appeals (Lingayen Gulf)

    The Supreme Court held that capitalized interest during project construction is not deductible as interest expense but must be treated as capital expenditure. This ruling clarified the proper tax treatment of interest incurred for capital projects.

  8. 2005 AmendmentMay 2005

    RA No. 9337

    Republic Act No. 9337 reforms VAT and expands coverage

    President Arroyo signed the Expanded VAT Law increasing the VAT rate to 12% and broadening coverage to include previously exempt services. This controversial reform aimed to address persistent budget deficits.

  9. 2008 SC rulingAug 2008

    G.R. No. 153866

    Commissioner of Internal Revenue v. Seagate Technology (Philippines)

    The Supreme Court ruled that zero-rated VAT sales are distinct from exempt sales, and that taxpayers are entitled to refund or tax credit of input VAT on zero-rated sales even without prior application for zero-rating.

  10. 2012 SC rulingSep 2012

    G.R. No. 180066

    Commissioner of Internal Revenue v. Philippine Airlines

    The Supreme Court held that excess input VAT may be carried over to succeeding quarters but once the option to carry over is made, it becomes irrevocable for that taxable period. Refund and carry-over cannot both be claimed.

  11. 2013 AmendmentDec 2013

    RA No. 10653

    Republic Act No. 10653 rationalizes motor vehicle users' charge

    This law restructured the motor vehicle user's charge under the NIRC, adjusting rates based on vehicle type and engine displacement. The reform aimed to rationalize automotive taxation and generate additional infrastructure revenues.

  12. 2017 EnactmentDec 2017

    RA No. 10963

    Republic Act No. 10963 enacts Tax Reform for Acceleration and Inclusion (TRAIN)

    President Duterte signed the TRAIN Law as the first package of comprehensive tax reform, reducing personal income taxes while increasing excise taxes on petroleum, automobiles, and sugar-sweetened beverages. This major reform took effect January 1, 2018.

  13. 2019 SC rulingFeb 2019

    G.R. Nos. 187485, 196113, 197156

    Commissioner of Internal Revenue v. San Roque Power Corporation

    The Supreme Court En Banc ruled on the prescriptive period for VAT refund claims, holding that the 120+30 day period is mandatory but premature filing is allowed during a specific window when BIR ruled otherwise.

  14. 2021 AmendmentMar 2021

    RA No. 11534

    Republic Act No. 11534 extends implementation of CREATE Act tax reforms

    The Corporate Recovery and Tax Incentives for Enterprises (CREATE) Act reduced corporate income tax rates to 25% for large corporations and 20% for MSMEs, while rationalizing fiscal incentives. This reform aimed to enhance competitiveness amid pandemic recovery.

  15. 2023 AmendmentJan 2023

    RA No. 11976

    Republic Act No. 11976 implements ease of paying taxes reforms

    The Ease of Paying Taxes Act simplified tax compliance procedures, reduced documentary requirements, and mandated digital systems for filing and payment. This reform aimed to improve the Philippines' ease of doing business rankings.