G.R. No. L-9793 - DECEMBER 1958 - PHILIPPINE JURISPRUDENCE CASE NUMBERCASE TITLE G.R. No. L-9793December 29, 1958 Sy Chuan, et al. vs. Emilio Galang, et al. G.R. No. L-11061December 29, 1958 People of the Philippines vs. Cipriano C. Revil G.R. No. L-10920December 29, 1958 Eugenio Estayo vs. Jose L. de Guzman G.R. No. L-10772December 29, 1958 Agustin C. Bagasao, et al. vs. Benjamin Tumangan G.R. No. L-10484December 29, 1958 Municipal Government of Sagay vs. Januario L. Jison, et al. G.R. No. L-10275December 29, 1958 Melchor Maniego vs. Dominador B. Manalo, et al. G.R. No. L-10020December 29, 1958 Antonio Alacar vs. City Mayor of Baguio, et al. G.R. No. L-9185December 27, 1958 Batangas Transportation Company, et al.vs. Laguna Transportation Company, et al. G.R. No. L-11651December 27, 1958 Tomas Roco, et al. vs. Juan Gimeda G.R. No. L-11418December 27, 1958 Roberto Laperal, Jr., et al. vs. Ramon L. Katigbak, et al. G.R. No. L-9228December 26, 1958 Leonardo Diaz, et al. vs. Felix P. Amante G.R. No. L-13054December 26, 1958 University of the Philippines, et al. vs. Court of Industrial Relations, et al. G.R. No. L-11433December 26, 1958 Cebu Portland Cement Company vs. Court of Industrial Relations, et al. G.R. No. L-11384December 26, 1958 In Re: Jose Go Jose Go vs. Republic of the Philippines G.R. No. L-11056December 26, 1958 Jose D. Villegas, et al. vs. Napoleon Zapanta, et al. G.R. No. L-12132December 22, 1958 In Re: Mariano Cotia Elena Cotia, et al. vs. Maria Jimenez, et al. G.R. No. L-11988December 22, 1958 Ng Sam Bok vs. Director of Lands, et al. G.R. No. L-11594December 22, 1958 Sergio F. Naguiat vs. J. Antonio Araneta, etc., et al. G.R. No. L-11172December 22, 1958 In Re: Ng Bui Kui Ng Bui Kui vs. Republic of the Philippines G.R. No. L-9417December 22, 1958 Isabelo Doce vs. Workmen's Compensation Commission, et al. G.R. No. L-10009December 12, 1958 Tiu Chun Hai, et al. vs. Commissioner of Immigration, et al. G.R. No. L-10394December 13, 1958 Claudina vda de Villaruel vs. Manila Motors Co., Inc., et al. G.R. No. L-11162December 4, 1958 Firestone Tire and Rubber Company vs. Mario Delgado, et al. The Lawphil Project - Arellano Law Foundation, Inc. Sy Chuan, et al. vs. Emilio Galang, et al. People of the Philippines vs. Cipriano C. Revil Eugenio Estayo vs. Jose L. de Guzman Agustin C. Bagasao, et al. vs. Benjamin Tumangan Municipal Government of Sagay vs. Januario L. Jison, et al. Melchor Maniego vs. Dominador B. Manalo, et al. Antonio Alacar vs. City Mayor of Baguio, et al. Batangas Transportation Company, et al.vs. Laguna Transportation Company, et al. Tomas Roco, et al. vs. Juan Gimeda Roberto Laperal, Jr., et al. vs. Ramon L. Katigbak, et al. Leonardo Diaz, et al. vs. Felix P. Amante University of the Philippines, et al. vs. Court of Industrial Relations, et al. Cebu Portland Cement Company vs. Court of Industrial Relations, et al. In Re: Jose Go Jose Go vs. Republic of the Philippines Jose D. Villegas, et al. vs. Napoleon Zapanta, et al. In Re: Mariano Cotia Elena Cotia, et al. vs. Maria Jimenez, et al. Ng Sam Bok vs. Director of Lands, et al. Sergio F. Naguiat vs. J. Antonio Araneta, etc., et al. In Re: Ng Bui Kui Ng Bui Kui vs. Republic of the Philippines Isabelo Doce vs. Workmen's Compensation Commission, et al. Tiu Chun Hai, et al. vs. Commissioner of Immigration, et al. Claudina vda de Villaruel vs. Manila Motors Co., Inc., et al. Firestone Tire and Rubber Company vs. Mario Delgado, et al. The Lawphil Project - Arellano Law Foundation, Inc.
Republic of the Philippines
SUPREME COURT
Manila
EN BANC
G.R. No. L-9793 December 29, 1958
SY CHUAN alias LIM AH TONG, ET AL.,petitioners-appellees,
vs.
HON. EMILIO GALANG, ET AL.,respondents-appellants.
Prudencio de Guzman for appellee Sy Chuan.
Yuseco, Abdon, Yuseco and Narvasa for the other appellees.
Office of the Solicitor General Ambrosio Padilla and Solicitor Florencio Villamor for appellants.
BENGZON,J.:
The Solicitor-General has appealed from the decision of the Manila court of first instance ordering the Board of Special Inquiry, Bureau of Immigration, not to reopen the investigation it had been conducting re the proposed deportation of Sy Chuan alias Lim Ah Tong and seven other Chinese nationals, hereafter called petitioners.
It appears that the latter were the subject of deportation proceedings before said Board, acting by and under the authority of the Commissioner of Immigration; that after several hearings the investigation was declared terminated on August 3, 1954; that a few days after the submission of memoranda, upon motion of Alien Special Prosecutor A. B. Faustino, said Board issued an order reopening the probe for the purpose of allowing the complaining witness Sim Siu Lan further to testify on September 29, 1954; that on this last date the witness testified over the objection of the suspect aliens, whose counsel, in pursuance of their objection and after their motions to reconsider had been denied, applied to the Manila court for a writ of prohibitory injunction.
Such reopening, they asserted, would merely prolong and unduly delay the investigation to the irreparable prejudice of their clients, because the reason upon which the Board decided to reopen was whimsical and unsubstantial, for it was only to hear Sim Siu Lan anew, whose declarations already of record consisted of retractions after retractions, which now would again be retracted and/or re-hashed.
Besides other technical defenses, the respondent officials involved their discretionary power and their efforts to arrive at the truth which, they believe, often blended with lies.
The parties submitted a stipulation of facts, in the face of which the judge found the Board to have exceeded its authority or abused its discretion in reopening the inquiry. Consequently, it prohibited said Board from taking into account the evidence submitted at the rehearing and from continuing to receive additional evidence.
In reaching this conclusion His Honor made these observations:
The records show that on November 19, 1953, and on November 23, 1953, the witness Sim Siu Lan executed written statements in question-and-answer form before investigators of the Bureau of Immigration, denouncing the petitioners herein as having compelled her to engage in prostitution. On January 7, 1954, Sim Siu Lan executed an affidavit renouncing her previous declarations. During the formal hearing before the respondent Board of Special Inquiry, Sim Siu Lan, as witness for the Government, again denounced and implicated herein petitioners (pp. 46-54, t.s.n., deportation proceedings attached to record hereof). Subsequently, in the course of the same formal hearings, Sim Siu Lan retracted her previous testimony (See sworn statement attached to Annex "A" of the petition). Now, the witness would have the cases reopened as that she may again retract her retraction, which she had previously repudiated, and re-repudiated. To cap it all, on April 19, 1955, this same Sim Siu Lan subscribed and swore to an affidavit — which now forms part of the record of this case — before the deputy clerk of this Court, again absolving the herein petitioners.
x x x x x x x x x
Admittedly, the rehearing was ordered upon the request of the complaining witness who, as the records show, had been examined and cross-examined thoroughly and at length not only before the Board of Special Inquiry, but also before other officers of the Bureau of Immigration. This seems strange, but the rehearing cannot on this score, alone, be considered abusive of discretion, although the practice has nothing to recommend it, and should not be permitted except for compelling reason.
x x x x x x x x x
The Court is of the opinion and so holds that there exists no reason for the reopening of the hearings in the proceedings in question and that such a reopening would be arbitrary and capricious.
Undoubtedly, the above excerpts describe the relevant facts, save that Sim Siu Lan's affidavit before the clerk should not have been considered, since it was not before the Board when it acted.1
Probably had the incident occured before a judicial tribunal, the court would not reopen in the exercise of its own discretion, because the witness seemed to be unreliable. But we are dealing here with an administrative body engaged in proceedings administrative in nature that do not need to be conducted strictly in accordance with court processes. Such body, as His Honor rightly acknowledged, has "broad authority and discretion", which should not be interfered with in the absence of abuse of power.2And in determining whether their act amounted to abuse, it should be remembered that respondents constituted a committee ofinquiryactively to seek after truth and evidence, as distinguished from a court ordinarily to adjudge only from the proofs submitted to it, wherein or whereto the line of truth extends. For all we know, the members of the respondent Board may have wanted to rehear the matter not only to clarify their doubts with further details, but also — and more important — to gather data and clues from which to deduce the connection which other aliens might have with the ugly business of prostitution in which this woman, Sim Siu Lan, had been engaged allegedly by force and intimidation. And having in mind thatthis was the first time3the investigation had been reopened, we are all of the opinion that no occasion has arisen for the courts to interfere.lawphil.net
Wherefore, the appealed decision should be revoked, and the petition for injunction is hereby denied with costs against petitioners-appellees.
Paras, C. J., Padilla, Montemayor, Bautista Angelo, Labrador, Concepcion, Reyes,
J. B. L. and Endencia, JJ., concur.
Footnotes
1 Cf. Ty Buan vs. Collector of Customs, 34 Phil., 937.
2 Lao Tang Bun vs. Fabre, 81 Phil., 682.
3 Cf. Conde vs. Judge, 45 Phil., 173; Mercado vs. Santos, 66 Phil., 215.